与尿酸盐转运有关的有机阴离子研究进展

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5.性别差异与个体发育表达

有报道^{[ 18-21 ]}称:一些OAT家族成员,如与性别有关的Oat1、Oat3和URAT1是通过性激素来调节的,在雄性小鼠肾脏中检测到的Oat1和UAT1mRNA水平要高于雌性。OAT家族成员在生长发育中的改变也有报道^{[ 22, 23 ]} :Oatl和Oat3的mRNA水平在出生后的发育阶段呈上升趋势。

综上所述,近曲肾小管在尿酸盐的排泄过程中发挥重要作用,它对尿酸盐的排泄依赖于离子通道,其中hOAT1和hOAT3可能与管周细胞对尿酸盐的摄取有关,而hRNAT1主要参与肾近曲小管对尿酸盐的重吸收,其基因变异对尿酸盐转运有影响,痛风及高尿酸血症状态下尿酸盐代谢失衡的分子机制及能否由此找到疾病早期诊断及防治的有效方法,成为需要关注和解决的问题。

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